The name 'harmonium' was given by the Frenchman Alexandre Debain to a small reed organ which he patented in 1842. It was originally intended to be a domestic instrument, and indeed it became very popular during the second half of the 19th century for the performance of chamber compositions in the upperclass salons of the Second Empire, replacing the orchestra. It assumed that role bravely, taking on many orchestral reductions, as well as playing important solo parts. There were indeed high expectations of our 'poor' instrument - which, in those days it was regarded, on the contrary, as a rich instrument: rich in its expressive qualities, rich musically, rich in the eminent composers who took an interest in it from its birth. Indeed, the harmonium, with its beautiful tones and full harmonies, is quite marvellous, irreplaceable, for conversing with other instruments or with voices. It was invented with the repertoire of ensemble music in mind, and that is precisely where it excels.
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